Monthly Archives: November 2007

Pathology Resource

Pathology can be one of the more difficult topics in dental school for many reasons. Many people have never taken the class before and much of the terminology and concepts are new. Newer topics are always harder to learn then concepts that you are reviewing or have seen before. Another reason could be that there is almost an unlimited amount of information that can be taught. I received an e-mail from the course director of General Pathology at the University of Minnesota School of Dentistry. She e-mailed me a link to a website she has set-up for her students. It has some quizzes and tests you can take on chapter subjects. Maybe those of you accepted into the program can get a head start on what is to be expected from you for this course or perhaps some of you would like to review the information.

The U of M School of Dentistry uses the same book that Temple University School of Dentistry uses. It is Robbins Basic Pathology 8th Edition. It is an excellent book in my opinion. I am not sure how they test at U of M, but at Temple we are tested on 6-9 chapters at a time. We have 4 tests all year, none are cumulative, they are just tested on the lecture topics since the last test. It is a difficult class, but with a lot of hard work an A is possible. There is a lab that covers 9 subjects, meets once a week. There are quizzes at each lab and two lab tests. Lab tests are 20-25 multiple choice questions and 5-6 slides that you identify and then answer a follow up question about. For example a slide section of a lung infected with tuberculosis is shown under the microscope. You identify it as TB, or as caseous necrosis, etc. depending on the identifying question and then answer a follow up question, such as: What type of hypersensitivity is this? The answer for TB would be Type IV hypersensitivity. It can be challenging. Hopefully the U of M site can help. Here is the link:

U of M Pathology

The best part of the site is the extras section she has for when you are sick of studying. There are some fun pictures, websites and games.

Orthodontic Soldering

The first step in this is to place the molar brackets on the child typodont and then take an alginate impression with the brackets on. Remove the impression when it has set and if the brackets did not get removed with the impression, take them off the typodont and place them into the alginate. Next, pour the stone so it includes the brackets. What you will get is a poured up stone model with the brackets included. The idea is to keep the brackets from moving (IMMOVABLE) while you solder the wire in place. The next step is to bend the wire so the curve fits the lingual aspect of the anterior teeth. You want a smooth curve that touches all the anterior teeth. The idea is that this is used as a retainer to keep teeth from moving. (I think – someone correct me if I am wrong) We did this project in the middle of midterms and my concentration was on other classes. I also only have a few photos of the project.

After the wire is bent and placed you can hold in with some plaster.

plaster holding orthodontic appliance for soldering

When everything is straight and aligned you can now solder. Use flux and make sure everything is clean. You can use a torch or a bunsen burner for the joint. Make sure your wire is closer to the bracket than my picture depicts. I took this before any adjustments were made to the wire. You want it nice and close so the solder flows between the bracket and wire. I only have pictures of this and not the final product. So sorry. Maybe someone else can post pictures of their solder joints?

orthodontic soldering

When you are done it should fit onto the junior typodont without any hassles. Make sure to polish the solder joint and make everything shiny before turning it in.

Great Looking 3-Unit Provisional – Not Mine

I almost put this under the title “Tricks of the Trade – Alginate Over Impression.”  Every once in a while you see some work that brings a tear to your eye. A couple of weeks ago one such occasion occurred. My good friend from undergraduate and I are in the same class and we are next to each other in the alphabetical list so he also sits next to me in pre-clinic. He made the most beautiful 3-unit bridge. This unit, as seen in the picture, replaces teeth 9 (left central incisor abutment), 10 (missing left lateral pontic), and 11 (1st premolar abutment). We prepared the teeth in a previous practical and then the next week we had a practical to make this provisional.

The method was quite simple. An alginate impression was taken before the practical and kept moist while the teeth had Vaseline smeared on them and the jet acrylic was mixed. The alginate impression was used for the over impression. Acrylic was placed inside the impression and placed back onto the prepared teeth. I like to use alginate as an overimpression because:

  1. It is inexpensive (compare to mach slo, etc) and you save yourself quite a bit of money.
  2. The alginate impression is moist and allows the acrylic to set up a little quicker. Jet takes a while and during a practical, time is ‘money’.
  3. It is quick (see #2)
  4. Alginate is accurate. It gives great results as you can see in the following pictures.

I asked my friend how in the world he came up with great results (we used the same method), and he told me, “Sometimes things just fall into place.” How true is that. Without further boring you with more words, lets see the pictures:

three unti bridge practical

anterior temporary bridge practical

three unit dental bridge practical

For a DETAILED view, you must click on the picture. It enlarges it. Everything is perfect in this bridge. That’s what I call falling into place! Good job Class of 2010!

Tricks of the Trade: Removing Articulating Paper Stains from Ivorine Teeth

We learned early in our first semester that turning in a dirty typodont after a practical might receive a check. The grading forms don’t have a section under cleanliness so no one really thought to clean the mouth. Some people got their grading form back, freshly revised & edited, with a ‘written in’ requirement and a check next to the mysterious appearing mandate. Ever wonder why dentists are anal retentive sometimes? I think it goes back to our training. 1mm is VERY different than 2mm and in the case of this article: Shinier is better! As doe-eyed D1 students we learned quickly to clean our typodonts of all dust, wax and stains.

Yet it has taken me quite some time to figure out the best way to clean off that red/blue stain of articulating paper from ivorine teeth. We equilibrate our typodonts periodically to make sure that there is no rock in the occlusion, that every supporting cusp fits snugly into the opposing arch’s central groove, and that there are no lateral interferences. This leaves our teeth just rough enough to get a little bit of this articulating paper color stuck into small micro grooves and it discolors the teeth.

robinson bristle brush dentistThe solution: Robinson Bristle Brush followed by some rubbing alcohol. In the past I would just use rubbing alcohol, but it wouldn’t get in the grooves. The Robinson brush does the trick. Make sure you use it on a lower speed without generating much heat. Hopefully this trick helps you tremendously. I found out about it two weeks ago and mentioned it to a classmate of mine tonight. After he tried it in the lab and he was thrilled. (Only a dental student would appreciate such a simple pleasure as clean ivorine) He hadn’t heard of this trick yet. For those of you who already knew about it and have been holding out on us, I have one question: “Whats the deal?”

:)

You can also brush up the typodont gingiva under the acraluster wheel. It brings back the shine and we all know: The shinier, the better!

Tricks of the Trade: Pouring the Jade Stone Base – Avoid Boxing Out the Tongue

This one comes to me from an upper classmen. We were chatting and I mentioned to him that I forgot to put vaseline on my Jade Stone and pin model before pouring up the buff stone base. (As seen in my gold crown write up, here is a pic:)

Pindex pins glued into holes

Normally you place vaseline all over this part of the stone before pouring more stone into it’s place (check out this article for the complete series). Anyway, I forgot to do that and the results…well, they went into the garbage. It is a good thing that this happened otherwise I would have never found out about the following trick.

If you see in the previous article on our gold crown project and in the picture above, needless time is wasted boxing out the tongue and making sure the wax is sticking, etc. Not only does it waste time, but a small leak in the wax will cause the buff stone to drip all over your jade stone. Not pleasant. Here is how to avoid all these problems and get nice results:

First: Get your jade stone all trimmed, pins placed, and VASELINED. The following method can be manipulated using various techniques. I decided to use a thermoplastic matrix for this example.

Box out the pins with some wax:

waxed out pins

waxed out pins

When you are ready you can now place the model into some sort of base wax down. Then pour in the stone and dry!

base making

jade stone making base

You can use other things like a base former ($$$$), or just some boxing wax. Be creative. Here is my model all trimmed and ready to be mounted to the articulator:

jade stone on base

jade stone on base

jade stone with pins and base

If you have a trick of the trade then by all means, take pictures, write about it and send it in. Or tell me about it and I’ll do it…it’s not like I am busy or anything.

:)

Gold Crown Videos

It helps to see the process before you do it for the first time. Make sure to add BORAX (I didn’t add any in the video and it still turned out, but better safe than sorry)

Enjoy!

Gold Crown Part I

Gold Crown Part II

DrBicuspid.com

dr bicuspid logoI am taking a nice 10 minute break from General Pathology to update all of you on another resource in the internet world of dentistry. This website is new and very promising. It includes a forum, product reviews, and best of all: Information you can sink your teeth into! Like my site, but more professional looking :) Don’t worry, I am going to try and ‘revamp’ this website over Christmas break.

The website is: DrBicuspid.com and if you sign up now you can get a free t-shirt. That’s right! You are poor, you are cold and most likely you are hungry. Solution: Free, warm shirt. Well, it may not ease your hunger pains, but 2/3 is not bad. I got mine in the mail last week and it is a really nice marketing tool. I had about 10 people ask me about it (they thought it might be MY website) Make sure to bookmark the page, along with this one and check back often for updates!